![]() More than ten million prescriptions are filled each year in the United States, making it one of the most commonly used treatments for sleeping problems. Zolpidem is a Schedule IV controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 (CSA). It became available as a generic medication in 2007. Zolpidem was approved for medical use in the United States in 1992. This, however, is increased in those with liver problems. It generally has a half-life of two to three hours. It works by increasing GABA effects in the central nervous system by binding to GABA A receptors at the same location as benzodiazepines. Zolpidem is a GABA A receptor agonist of the imidazopyridine class. Zolpidem is a nonbenzodiazepine or Z-drug which acts as a sedative and hypnotic. While flumazenil, a GABA A–receptor antagonist, can reverse zolpidem's effects, usually supportive care is all that is recommended in overdose. More severe side effects include memory problems and hallucinations. Ĭommon side effects include daytime sleepiness, headache, nausea, and diarrhea. It is taken by mouth and is available in conventional tablets, sublingual tablets, or oral spray. It decreases the time to sleep onset by about fifteen minutes and at larger doses helps people stay asleep longer. Guidelines recommend that it be used only after cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and behavioral changes, such as sleep hygiene, have been tried. It is necessary to prescribe with caution to patients with severe myasthenia gravis, respiratory failure, mild to moderate hepatic insufficiency, depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, and other types of addiction.Zolpidem, sold under the brand name Ambien among others, is a medication primarily used for the short-term treatment of sleeping problems. » hypersensitivity to zolpidem or any other components of the drug. » hereditary lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency, or glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome (tablets contain lactose as an excipient) » acute and/or severe respiratory failure Precautions associated with taking the drug: In the case of long-term use of the drug to reduce the possibility of developing rebound insomnia, cancellation should be carried out gradually (first, reducing the daily dose and then canceling the drug). Very short periods of treatment do not require gradual discontinuation of the drug. With transient insomnia, the recommended treatment course is 2-5 days, with adjustment sleep disorder – 2-3 weeks. The course of treatment should not exceed 4 weeks. With insufficient clinical effect and good tolerance, the dose may be increased to 10 mg. In elderly or debilitated patients, with impaired liver function, treatment is started with a dose of 5 mg. ![]() Inside (just before bedtime) in a single dose of 10 mg. » Skin: rash, itching, urticaria, hyperhidrosis. » Musculoskeletal system: muscle weakness. » Digestive system: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain » The tablets should be stored at room temperature. » Nervous system: drowsiness, feeling of intoxication, headache, dizziness, increased insomnia, hallucinations, agitation, nightmares, anterograde amnesia, the risk of which increases in proportion to the dose The occurrence of adverse reactions is rare. Side effectsĪmbien is generally well tolerated. It successfully treats insomnia when it restricts the patient's activity or exposes a person to a serious stressful situation. Under therapeutic indications, it is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of adjustment sleep disorder and transient insomnia, including frequent awakenings from sleep and difficulty falling asleep. This medicine is a specific agonist of central receptors belonging to the GABA-omega macromolecular receptor complex, which modulates the opening of the chloride ion channel. It is a short-acting sedative and hypnotic drug prescribed for treating insomnia and sleep disorders. In addition to the immediate-release oral form, there are extended-release tablets, a sublingual form, and a spray. The most popular form of release of zolpidem is tablets for oral administration of 5 and 10 mg, it is coated. One of the significant places in the modern therapy of insomnia is occupied by a drug with a new chemical structure – Zolpidem (Ambien). ![]() It is known that today the violation of the sleep/wake cycle is observed in 28-45% of people and in half of the cases is a serious clinical problem, often requiring special diagnostics and treatment.
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